1. Lay the 2x4 (60 cm x 1.2 meters) along the length of one edge of the foundation. Do this as shown in Figure 2, making sure that no gaps are visible between the ground and the bottom of the 2x4. Note: If the board is shorter than the edge being leveled, place one end of the board at a corner to leave a gap beyond only one end of the board.
2. For example, the first row shows 1 of the 8 possibilities, 3 blacks (B) with stake losses of 1, 2 and finally 4 for a total loss of 7, a probability of 12.5% (0.125) and therefore a profit expectancy of -0.875 (that is -7 x 0.125).

Every blockchain has its own consensus, ranging from its operating rules to validating transactions. The first blockchains (Bitcoin and Ethereum) utilized a Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus, in which every participant’s contribution depended on his/her mining gear.

This scheme requires a lot of electricity and is subject to centralization because of the costs to run and maintain such powerful mining equipment. As a result, the majority of modern blockchains (starting with BitShares) are built around the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus.

With this consensus, an individual needs nothing more from validating coin transactions. It’s from this consensus that the act of staking comes into play.

The general accepted sequence of numbers used is 1,2,3,4,5,6. This shows a profit of £9,369. Reverse labouchere shows a profit of £7,853. The beauty of the labouchere staking plan is you know what your highest stake will be. (£20) as there is a cut off. The next staking plan is the Retirement Staking Plan. This is designed to make use of. The Incremental Staking Plan This plan is very similar to the Fibonnaci Plan, however, instead of using the Fibonacci sequence, it is based on the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Your first bet starts at number 1, if this bet loses, you slide one step down to number 2, this continues until either you hit number 7, where you stay, or until you win. 12-Ora-142-3.1/6.4. Date Advertised Bids Opening in Sacramento. Bids Open Estimate: $1,630,000 In Orange County In Brea From 0.5 Mile East Of Brea Hills Avenue To San Bernardino County Line The Contractor must have either a Class A license or the following Class C license which constitutes a majority of the work: C-12.

Staking Coins: Definition

In a nutshell, staking coins refers to the act of locking them up to verify transactions for cryptocurrencies with Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanisms. Stakers can earn rewards for providing such a service.

What is Staking Coins?

To stake your coins means to lock them up (cease all operations including deposits and withdrawals) in order to validate transactions of a particular cryptocurrency. When you're staking your coins, you’re not able to transfer them. Instead, you will receive periodic rewards.

Staking Coins in Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS)

In Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS) blockchains, you can stake your coins in favor of some large validator. Let's say that you have 10 coins, but the validator (block producer) has some 1-2 million coins. You don’t need to compete with such teams. Instead, you can stake your coins 'in favor' of some large entity. In turn, this entity will share part of its huge staking reward with you.

Who Can Stake Coins?

Staking coins is typically available for everyone who have Proof-of-Stake blockchain coins and any sort of cryptocurrency wallet. Holders of Delegated Proof-of-Stake coins like EOS are also welcome. For some coins, a minimum amount of stake is required, but it is usually equivalent to an amount between $10-100 USD.

Staking Coins: Process

In order to stake your coins, you need to choose your staking pool. This will act as a form of custody, which ensures the blockchain governance that your coins are staked. This will also control the process of rewarding.

Staking Coins on Exchanges

Staking coins on an exchange is well-known opportunity for available, even for newbies in crypto. Exchanges usually provide a rich toolkit for deposits, withdrawals, and exchanging coins before staking.

At the moment, 8 exchanges offer the coin staking option with up to 16 available coins. The old exchange moguls KuCoin and Kraken, which are among the top staking platforms with Coinbase, with launch soon. An exchange typically charges fees for their services, which can be between 5-15%.

Staking Coins in Wallets

Numerous staking environments have built-in options within their crypto wallets. This is considered much safer due to the fact that non-exchange wallets are less frequently hacked. The most well-known players include Huobi Wallet, Trust Wallet, and Hashquark. Staking coins in wallets has one important disadvantage - high fees. Wallets can charge you between 25-30% in fees.

Staking Coins with Staking Providers

A staking provider is a special type of crypto service devoted to staking. Many of the staking providers are registered within Europe, which is not common for other types of staking ecosystems. The assortment of coins available for staking is smaller than those available for wallets. The fee rates for staking providers vary between 2% and 50%. So, a staker needs to be extremely cautious.

Staking Coins on Binance

Binance staking is a well-known staking ecosystem based on Binance, the world's largest centralized crypto exchange. At the moment, Binance provides an individual with the opportunity to stake 14 coins (Tron, Tezos, and Atom are the most popular cryptocurrencies).

Users here can stake for high annual rewards (up to 20% for Algorand tokens), enjoy initial bonuses, and extra rewards sponsored by teams whose tokens are available for staking.

Top Staking Coins

According to StakingRewards.com, 60 different types of crypto assets are currently available for staking through exchanges, wallets, and staking providers. Some of them are well-known and have enormous capitalization (EOS with $2.4 billion or Tezos with $1.1 billion market cap), while others have been evaluated below $100K.

Best Staking Coins of 2019

Throughout 2019, the staking market was extremely conservative with a strong dominance towards the 'old' DPoS tokens. The top staking coin was EOS, which is usually staked directly by block producers.

3. Choose the type of resource you would like to grant to your delegate (block producer) and the amount of EOS to stake.

4. Launch the staking process.

Staking Cardano

The Cardano blockchain provides an individual with a unique opportunity to try the staking option in a test environment. This testnet is designed to test the staking framework within a real-world scenario and allow every ADA holder to earn real rewards by either delegating your stake or running a stake pool.

If you want to delegate your stake, you need to download one of the supported wallet clients from the official testnet page. If you want to run a stake pool, visit the stake pool page for more details about how to get started as a stake pool operator.

Cardano also launched the Daedalus Rewards wallet, which allows its users to stake ADA tokens. Coins that are earned can be spent in competition within the testnet.

Staking Coins: Rewards

The annual reward is the most interesting aspect when it comes staking coins. Here, we can define two types of strategies - conservative and high-risk.

Staking Top Coins: Slowly, But Surely

Let’s do the math. The average annual staking reward today is around 10%. Should we take 5 coins with top market capitalization (high demand products, proven progress, etc.), the average earnings will be around 4.15% or less than half of the average.

Thus, if one decides to stake a popular coin, be prepared for low earnings. Furthermore, the volatility of these tokens is more or less predictable, so you can manage your staking portfolio with a better level of confidence.

Staking Underdog Coins: High Yield, High Risk

If we take five assets with low market capitalization, we can see that average annual rate is almost 20%, which is 5 times higher than in the previous example.

These coins are subject to terrific 'pump-and-dump' schemes, and all your profits can turn into a pumpkin (recall the recent MATIC case). Therefore, it's much wiser to build a balanced staking portfolio after detailed research on the assets and the teams behind it.

Staking Coins: Five Highlights

1. Staking coins refers to the act of locking them up to help verify transactions.

2. Staking coins is performed to earn some annual rewards.

3. Staking coins can be carried out via exchanges, wallets, or staking providers (pools). All of them charge you with additional service fees.

4. Top staking coins are EOS, XTZ, and ATOM.

5. Popular reliable coins are characterized by their low annual earnings, while shady and early-stage projects offer high earnings.

Are you interested in staking coins? Which asset is the most attractive for you? Tell us in the Comments Section!

Proper planting is essential for healthy, vigorous growth of ornamental plants in the landscape. It assures rapid plant establishment by providing a favorable environment for the developing root system.

Planting involves more than merely digging a hole and sticking a plant in it. Giving careful consideration to the preparation of the planting site, the time of year for best plant establishment and the handling requirements of different nursery stock will help you avoid problems later on.

This publication offers step-by-step guidelines that will help you achieve planting success.

Surveying the Planting Site

Before planting, survey the site for potential hazards to plant growth. For instance, new construction sites are often littered with pieces of mortar, plaster or limestone, creating an alkaline soil condition and inhibiting a plant's ability to absorb nutrients. Chemical spills, such as motor oil or gasoline, can also impair plant growth. It may be necessary to remove the top 6 to 8 inches of soil and replace it with a good grade of topsoil. Compacted soils also inhibit root growth.

Poorly drained soils cause plant problems. Waterlogged soil will suffocate the root system and kill a plant. Improve poorly drained sites by deep tilling to break apart a layer of hard packed soil, or 'hard-pan,' several inches below the soil surface. Slope beds planted near a foundation away from the building, and route water from drain spouts away from plant beds. On extremely heavy soils, construct a raised bed, 12 to 18 inches high, of well-drained topsoil, and slope the sides of the bed away from the plants to avoid pockets of standing water. Another option is to install a sub-surface drainage pipe to carry water to another area (assuming there is somewhere for the water to drain).

Soil samples, taken two to three weeks before planting, will determine lime and fertilizer requirements. Your county Extension agent can provide you with details on how to take a soil sample for testing. The University of Georgia’s Agricultural and Environmental Services Lab also has soil test kits available for purchase online at http://aesl.ces.uga.edu/soiltest123/Georgia.htm.

Selecting Plant

Always purchase fresh, high-quality plants. Poor-quality plants are not a wise investment.

Most ornamental trees and shrubs marketed today are grown and sold in containers, although field-grown plants, sold balled-and-burlapped or packaged bare-root, are also available during certain times of the year. Container-grown plants should have healthy, vigorous tops and white feeder roots on the outer edge of the root ball. Do not be timid about inverting a few plants, removing their pots and examining their roots. Container-grown plants generally transplant well throughout most of the year with minimum shock, although fall and winter months are the best time to transplant.

Large trees and shrubs grown in the field are often sold balled-and-burlapped. Because a large portion of the root system is destroyed during digging, they transplant best during the cooler months (October through April). Some trees are grown and marketed in fabric bags, and can be transplanted throughout the year, although the fall and winter months are best.

Packaged bare-root plants, such as roses, should have plump, healthy stems and good root systems that are kept moist in a packing substance like sphagnum moss or wood shavings. The best planting time for these plants is from December to mid-March.

Holding Plants Until They Are Planted

If plants cannot be planted right away, place them in a shaded area and keep the roots moist. If balled-and-burlapped or bare-root plants must be held several days before planting, cover their roots with sawdust, pine straw or soil to conserve moisture. Avoid placing the roots in water or buckets for long periods of time because they will suffocate. Container plants may need daily watering.

Make sure plants are well watered before planting and ensure the root ball is thoroughly wet. A dry root ball is difficult to rewet after transplanting.

Planting in Individual Holes

The old adage 'never put a ten-dollar tree in a two-dollar hole' applies when planting individual trees and shrubs. Research at the University of Georgia has shown that a large planting hole – at least twice as wide as the root ball – encourages rapid root growth and plant establishment. Dig the planting hole only as deep as the root ball. If the hole is dug deeper, backfill it with soil as necessary and tamp it firmly to prevent settling. Make certain the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface. Some landscape professionals plant the top of the root ball 1 to 2 inches above grade if they know the soil is likely to settle slightly.

Research has also shown that it is not necessary to add organic amendments, such as peat moss, compost or leaf mold, to the planting hole. Organic matter can act like a sponge in the planting hole, absorbing and holding too much moisture and causing the roots to stay too wet. When planting just one plant, it is best to backfill with the same soil removed from the hole. Be sure to break apart any clods and remove stones or other debris before refilling the hole.

Before planting balled-and-burlapped plants, cut any wire or cord from around the trunk and pull back the burlap from the top one-third of the root ball. This will allow newly formed feeder roots to grow into the new environment. When planting on poorly drained soils, remove the burlap completely. When planting trees or shrubs grown in fabric bags, remove the entire bag before planting.

To eliminate air pockets, water the planting site as the backfill soil is placed in the hole. Use your hand, not your foot, to gently firm the soil around the roots. Water thoroughly when finished and water again several hours later.

Slow-release or liquid fertilizers can be added to the planting hole, but granular general-purpose fertilizers, such as 8-8-8 or 10-10-10, can damage tender roots. Wait until the plants are established before applying a granular general-purpose fertilizer. (See section on caring for newly planted trees and shrubs.)

Finally, shape a small ring of soil, 2 to 3 inches high, along the perimeter of the planting hole. This forms a saucer on top of the soil, which directs water to the roots and prevents runoff.

Finally, uniformly apply a 3-inch layer of mulch over the soil surface. Mulches promote rapid rooting by maintaining uniform moisture levels and temperatures in the soil and by preventing weed competition. Landscape fabrics can be placed under the mulch to help prevent weeds and to conserve moisture.

Planting in Beds

A group of ornamental plants in one area of the landscape will grow more uniformly when planted in a well-prepared bed rather than in individual holes. Begin by deep tilling to a depth of 12 to 15 inches. Then incorporate about 1 pound (2 cups) of an eight to 10 percent nitrogen fertilizer, such as 8-8-8 or 10-10-10, over every 100 square feet of bed area. Only incorporate lime into the bed if the soil test recommends it. After preparing the soil, follow the planting procedure recommended for planting in individual holes.

Planting Annuals and Herbaceous Perennials

To achieve the best color displays, annuals and herbaceous perennials must have good drainage, adequate nutrients and available water at all times. Begin by deep tilling the native soil to improve its structure and to ensure good drainage. Then, elevate the bed 6 to 12 inches by adding soil amendments. A raised bed not only ensures good drainage, but also improves the visibility of the color display.

The type and quantity of soil amendments used depends on the structure and texture of the existing soil, and whether amendments have been previously added to the site. A combination of composted organic matter, composted animal manure and large-particle sand, such as Lithonia granite, are frequently used to amend beds. If bagged organic amendments are used, apply one 40-pound bag per 100 square feet of bed area and incorporate it to a 6- to 8-inch depth. An ideal soil is moist, yet well drained.

Slow-release fertilizers, such as Osmocote, are excellent for flowerbeds because they give the plants an even supply of nutrients throughout the growing season. Several formulas are available, although one with at least an eight- to nine-month release duration is recommended. Follow manufacturer recommendations for application rate.

After planting, apply about 3 inches of mulch on the soil surface to conserve moisture and prevent weeds. Fine-textured mulches, such as pine straw or pine bark mini-nuggets, stay seated better on the bed than coarse-textured mulches.

Finally, water thoroughly. A liquid fertilizer can be applied with the water at planting to provide some immediate nutrients.

Staking and Guying Tree

Protective staking may be necessary for young trees, trees less than 4 feet tall, or trees planted in high foot-traffic areas, such as school grounds or shopping centers. Stakes also protect young tree trunks from lawn mowers and weed eaters, which can severely damage the bark. An area of mulch around the tree is an alternative to protective staking.

Trees with a trunk diameter greater than 1 inch and a height exceeding 4 feet need staking or guy wires to hold them in place until they are established. Staking or guying a tree keeps it from blowing over and uprooting during establishment. Trees with a trunk diameter up to 3 inches can be supported by two to four stakes, depending on the size of the canopy. After they are placed in the ground, the height of the stakes should equal the height of the lowest scaffold branches. Place the stakes along the perimeter of the planting hole, and pound them several inches into the ground to hold them firmly in place.

Secure the tree to the stakes with strong, 12-gauge wire. Attach the wire just above the lowest scaffold branches. Place the wire encircling the tree in a piece of old garden hose to prevent bark injury. Use three guy wires for trees larger than 4 inches in trunk diameter.

Give the tree some slack so it can move slightly with the breeze. Research indicates that a tree allowed some movement during establishment develops a larger root system and stronger trunk than one that is kept stationary.

Remove stakes and guy wires four to six months after planting to prevent girdling and trunk injury. Remove stakes from fall-planted trees at the start of the spring growing season and from spring-planted trees at the end of the summer growing season.

An alternative staking method that is becoming more popular with arborists and landscape professionals involves placing four wooden stakes (2 x 2 inches wide and 4 feet long) opposite one another just outside the root ball, leaving 4 inches of each stake protruding from the soil. Screws are used to secure two additional 2 x 2-inch stakes to the vertical stakes (see Figure 9). This technique prevents the root ball from rocking during establishment, and does not harm the bark of the tree like guy wires sometimes do.

Trunk Wrapping

Trees often have their trunks wrapped to prevent injury during transport from the nursery to the garden center. When purchasing a tree with its trunk wrapped, remove the wrapping at planting time or shortly thereafter. It is not necessary to wrap the trunk of newly-planted trees.

Care of Newly Planted Ornamentals

Watering: Regular watering is critical during establishment of newly planted trees and shrubs. Keep the root system moist, but not too wet, for the first six to eight weeks after planting. The amount of water and frequency of application depend on the soil type and the type of plant. Trees and shrubs may require watering twice a week when there is no rain. Annuals and ground covers may need daily watering during establishment. Let soil moisture be your guide for watering frequency.

Fertilization: There are many slow-release fertilizers on the market that feed plants from six to 12 months with one application. Slow-release fertilizers generally cost more than general-purpose fertilizers, but they require fewer applications. Follow application guidelines on the bag or container.

If you use general-purpose fertilizers, use light applications for newly-planted ornamentals during the first growing season. For shrubs less than 12 inches tall, apply 1 level teaspoon of a 12 to 16 percent nitrogen source (12-4-8 or 16-4-8) or 1 level tablespoon of an eight to 10 percent nitrogen source (8-8-8 or 10-10-10) three times during the growing season (March through September). Broadcast the fertilizer along the perimeter of the planting hole.

Give trees 2 tablespoons of a 12 to 16 percent nitrogen source for each inch of trunk diameter three times during their first growing season. Broadcast fertilizers evenly over an area extending 6 inches from the trunk to 1 foot beyond the branch spread or canopy.

Newly planted ground covers benefit from a complete, balanced fertilizer, like 8-8-8 or 10-10-10. An application rate of 1 pound per 100 square feet is sufficient. When broadcasting fertilizers over the top of the foliage, be sure the foliage is dry, and water soon after application.

1 2 4 6 Staking Plan Template

For information on the care of established ornamental plants, see Georgia Cooperative Extension Bulletin 1065, Care of Ornamental Plants in the Landscape.

Steps for Planting Success

1. Survey the planting site. Modify the site, if necessary, to ensure a good growing environment. Select plants adapted to the site conditions.
2. Purchase healthy, pest-free plants.
3. When holding plants for later planting, keep them in the shade and water them regularly.
4. Water plants thoroughly before planting to saturate the root ball with water.
5. Thorough soil preparation is essential for healthy plant growth. When planting a group of plants, rototill the soil to a depth of 12 to 15 inches. When planting a single tree or shrub, dig the planting hole two to three times wider than the root ball.
6. Place the plant in the hole so the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface.
7. Remove any wire or cord from around the stem of balled-and-burlapped plants. Pull back or remove the burlap from the root ball if possible.
8. Water thoroughly immediately after planting to settle the soil and to eliminate air pockets, which can dry out roots.
9. Use stakes or guy wires to support trees or large shrubs on exposed, windy sites. Supporting devices are only temporary and should be removed a few weeks after transplanting.
10. Apply 3 to 5 inches of mulch to the soil surface to conserve moisture and to prevent weeds.
11. Water as necessary during the establishment period. Keep the soil uniformly moist — not too wet or too dry.
12. Allow trees and shrubs time to become established before applying fertilizer.

1 2 4 6 Staking Plan Ideas

Status and Revision History
Published on Jul 01, 1999
Published on Feb 24, 2009
In Review on Jan 05, 2010
Published with Full Review on Feb 21, 2013
Published with Full Review on Feb 01, 2016